{"id":15010,"date":"2026-05-28T10:18:28","date_gmt":"2026-05-28T08:18:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/las-cuevas-de-ajanta-y-ellora-un-viaje-al-arte-rupestre-de-la-india\/"},"modified":"2026-05-28T10:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-28T08:26:33","slug":"caves-ajanta-ellora","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/","title":{"rendered":"The Caves of Ajanta and Ellora: A Journey into India&#8217;s Rock Art"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the state of Maharashtra, in central-western India, two sets of rock-cut caves have been impressing visitors for centuries. They are not natural caves in the geological sense: they are <\/span><b>temples, monasteries and prayer halls carved directly into the basalt cliff face<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> by human hands over more than a thousand years. They are called Ajanta and Ellora, and together they represent one of the most remarkable artistic and architectural achievements in Asian history.<\/span><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 ez-toc-wrap-left counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-custom ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u00bfDe qu\u00e9 hablamos en este art\u00edculo?<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #000000;color:#000000\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#The_caves_of_Ajanta_Buddhist_art_underground\" >The caves of Ajanta: Buddhist art underground<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#The_caves_of_Ellora_three_religions_in_the_same_rock\" >The caves of Ellora: three religions in the same rock<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#The_Kailasa_Temple_engineering_that_defies_logic\" >The Kailasa Temple: engineering that defies logic<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#Practical_information_for_your_visit\" >Practical information for your visit<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#Frequently_asked_questions_about_the_caves_of_Ajanta_and_Ellora\" >Frequently asked questions about the caves of Ajanta and Ellora<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#What_is_the_main_difference_between_Ajanta_and_Ellora\" >What is the main difference between Ajanta and Ellora?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#Can_you_visit_Ajanta_and_Ellora_on_the_same_day\" >Can you visit Ajanta and Ellora on the same day?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#What_do_these_caves_have_in_common_with_natural_caves_such_as_the_Cuevas_dels_Hams\" >What do these caves have in common with natural caves such as the Cuevas dels Hams?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/caves-ajanta-ellora\/#Do_I_need_a_guide_to_visit_Ajanta_and_Ellora\" >Do I need a guide to visit Ajanta and Ellora?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ajanta preserves the <\/span><b>oldest surviving mural paintings in India<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Ellora is home to the <\/span><b>Kailasa Temple<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a monolithic structure carved from top to bottom out of solid rock that continues to baffle modern engineers. Both sites are <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/whc.unesco.org\/en\/list\/242\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">UNESCO<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> World Heritage Sites and receive hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But beyond the numbers, what truly astonishes is the scale of human effort behind every single cave.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14995 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ajanta-arte-budista-bajo-tierra.png\" alt=\"Las cuevas de Ajanta-arte budista bajo tierra\" width=\"850\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ajanta-arte-budista-bajo-tierra.png 850w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ajanta-arte-budista-bajo-tierra-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ajanta-arte-budista-bajo-tierra-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_caves_of_Ajanta_Buddhist_art_underground\"><\/span><b>The caves of Ajanta: Buddhist art underground<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Ajanta complex consists of <\/span><b>30 caves<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> cut into a horseshoe-shaped cliff above the Waghora River, about 100 kilometres from the city of Aurangabad. The caves were created in two phases: the first between the <\/span><b>2nd and 1st centuries BC<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and the second during the <\/span><b>Gupta period, between the 5th and 6th centuries AD<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All the caves at Ajanta belong to the Buddhist tradition. They are divided into two functional types:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Viharas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (monasteries): rectangular halls with side cells where monks lived during the monsoon season. Some include inner shrines with sculptures of the Buddha.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Chaityas<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (prayer halls): spaces with rock-cut vaulted ceilings, with a central stupa as the focus of devotion.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What makes Ajanta exceptional is its <\/span><b>mural paintings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Caves 1, 2, 16 and 17 hold the largest collection of ancient mural painting in India. The frescoes depict scenes from the previous lives of the Buddha (the Jatakas), with a level of detail and expressiveness that anticipated techniques that would not appear in Europe until centuries later.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The paintings were executed on a layer of plaster applied to the rock, using natural pigments. The darkness inside the caves, paradoxically, helped preserve them: the absence of direct sunlight slowed the degradation of the colours over the centuries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14989 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ellora-tres-religiones-en-la-misma-roca.png\" alt=\"Las cuevas de Ellora-tres religiones en la misma roca\" width=\"850\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ellora-tres-religiones-en-la-misma-roca.png 850w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ellora-tres-religiones-en-la-misma-roca-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Las-cuevas-de-Ellora-tres-religiones-en-la-misma-roca-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_caves_of_Ellora_three_religions_in_the_same_rock\"><\/span><b>The caves of Ellora: three religions in the same rock<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ellora lies about <\/span><b>100 kilometres north-west of Ajanta<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and has a very different character. Its <\/span><b>34 caves<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> were excavated between the 5th and 10th centuries AD in a basalt cliff stretching over <\/span><b>2 kilometres<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The fundamental difference from Ajanta is the religious diversity. Ellora brings together temples from <\/span><b>three distinct traditions<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> that coexisted in the region:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Caves 1\u201312<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Buddhist. Multi-storey monasteries with cells, meditation halls and sculptures. Cave 10 (Vishwakarma) stands out for its vaulted ceiling that imitates timber construction, hence its popular name: &#8220;the carpenter&#8217;s cave&#8221;.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Caves 13\u201329<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Hindu. This is where the <\/span><b>Kailasa Temple<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (Cave 16), the centrepiece of Ellora, is found.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Caves 30\u201334<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">: Jain. Smaller and more austere, with detailed sculptures of the Tirthankaras.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This coexistence within a single site is a testament to the religious tolerance that prevailed in the region for centuries. There is no other place in the world where three religious traditions carved their temples side by side in the same rock formation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Kailasa Temple at Ellora (Cave 16) is the largest monolithic structure in the world carved from rock. It is estimated that some 200,000 tonnes of basalt were removed to create it, carving from top to bottom over decades. Nothing was added \u2014 everything was created by removing material.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"The_Kailasa_Temple_engineering_that_defies_logic\"><\/span><b>The Kailasa Temple: engineering that defies logic<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It deserves a section of its own because it is, arguably, the most ambitious work of rock-cut architecture ever undertaken. The Kailasa Temple was commissioned by King Krishna I of the Rashtrakuta dynasty in the <\/span><b>8th century AD<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and represents Mount Kailash, the abode of the god Shiva in Hindu mythology.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is extraordinary is the construction method. Instead of stacking blocks, the craftsmen <\/span><b>started at the top of the cliff and excavated downwards<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, removing rock layer by layer until the structure stood free. The result is a temple <\/span><b>33 metres tall<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with courtyards, galleries, staircases, columns and monumental sculptures, all carved from a single piece of basalt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is estimated that the excavation involved removing approximately <\/span><b>200,000 tonnes of rock<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. There is no margin for error in such a method: every chisel blow is final. If a column fractures, it cannot be replaced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The sculptures decorating the temple depict episodes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, with figures of gods, demons and mythological animals covering virtually every surface.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-15001 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Informacion-practica-para-la-visita.png\" alt=\"Informacio\u0301n pra\u0301ctica para la visita\" width=\"850\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Informacion-practica-para-la-visita.png 850w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Informacion-practica-para-la-visita-300x150.png 300w, https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/Informacion-practica-para-la-visita-768x384.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 850px) 100vw, 850px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Practical_information_for_your_visit\"><\/span><b>Practical information for your visit<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Both complexes are near <\/span><b>Aurangabad<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (now officially called Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar), the city that serves as a base for visiting the two sites. Aurangabad has an airport with direct flights from Mumbai and Delhi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Ajanta<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distance from Aurangabad: about <\/span><b>100 km<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (2 hours by road).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opening hours: 9:00\u201317:30. <\/span><b>Closed on Mondays.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Admission: 600 rupees for foreign visitors (approximately \u20ac6.50), 40 rupees for Indian residents.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Access from the car park to the caves is by government shuttle bus.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Ellora<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Distance from Aurangabad: about <\/span><b>30 km<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (45 minutes by road).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Opening hours: 9:00\u201317:30. <\/span><b>Closed on Tuesdays.<\/b><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Admission: 600 rupees for foreign visitors, 40 rupees for Indian residents.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The best time to visit is from <\/span><b>October to March<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, when temperatures are more bearable (between 15 \u00b0C and 30 \u00b0C). From April to June the heat can exceed 40 \u00b0C, and during the monsoon (July\u2013September) rain can make access difficult, although the landscape is at its greenest.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible to visit both sites in two days from Aurangabad, spending a full day at each. Trying to see both in a single day is feasible but exhausting, and does not allow you to appreciate the details of the paintings and sculptures.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are interested in discovering more caves with historical and cultural significance across Asia, we recommend our article on the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/cuevasdelshams.com\/en\/explore-the-depths-of-asia-the-continents-most-fascinating-caves\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">most fascinating caves in Asia<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a tour that spans from Vietnam to Turkey.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Frequently_asked_questions_about_the_caves_of_Ajanta_and_Ellora\"><\/span><b>Frequently asked questions about the caves of Ajanta and Ellora<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_is_the_main_difference_between_Ajanta_and_Ellora\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is the main difference between Ajanta and Ellora?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ajanta is exclusively Buddhist and stands out for its <\/span><b>mural paintings<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, the oldest surviving in India. Ellora combines Buddhist, Hindu and Jain temples, and its showpiece is the monolithic Kailasa Temple, a work of rock-cut architecture without parallel in the world. Ajanta is pictorial art; Ellora is sculpture and architecture on a grand scale.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Can_you_visit_Ajanta_and_Ellora_on_the_same_day\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Can you visit Ajanta and Ellora on the same day?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is possible but not advisable. The distance between the two sites is about <\/span><b>100 kilometres<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and each complex needs at least 3\u20134 hours for a reasonably complete visit. The ideal approach is to dedicate a day to each, using Aurangabad as a base.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"What_do_these_caves_have_in_common_with_natural_caves_such_as_the_Cuevas_dels_Hams\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What do these caves have in common with natural caves such as the Cuevas dels Hams?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They are very different concepts. The caves of Ajanta and Ellora are <\/span><b>human excavations<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in basalt rock, created for religious and artistic purposes. The Cuevas dels Hams in Mallorca are <\/span><b>natural<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> formations created by the dissolution of limestone over millions of years. What they share is the fascination that humans feel for underground spaces, whether the work of nature or of our own ingenuity.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Do_I_need_a_guide_to_visit_Ajanta_and_Ellora\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do I need a guide to visit Ajanta and Ellora?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is not compulsory, but highly recommended, especially at Ajanta. The murals require explanation to understand the scenes depicted, and many caves are dimly lit. An authorised local guide costs between 1,500 and 2,500 rupees (\u20ac15\u201325) per group and makes a notable difference to the experience.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the state of Maharashtra, in central-western India, two sets of rock-cut caves have been impressing visitors for centuries. They are not natural caves in the geological sense: they are temples, monasteries and prayer halls carved directly into the basalt cliff face by human hands over more than a thousand years. They are called Ajanta [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":14985,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[82,73],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15010","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-asia-caves","category-caves-world"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The Caves of Ajanta and Ellora | Cuevas dels Hams Mallorca<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover the Ajanta and Ellora Caves in India, two UNESCO World Heritage treasures. 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